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=**History Of The Internet**=

When Did The Internet Start?

 * After the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first Earth orbiting artificial satellite. The United States began to worry that they were falling behind in technological advancements. The government launched the ARPA (Advanced Projects Agency) in the Department of Defense. It was formed to advance the country in science and technology. In 1962, J.C.R. Licklider of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology came up with the idea of a global network of computers. In December, 1969 ARPA goes online. It connects 4 major American Universities, it was designed for research, education, and government organizations. It provided a communications network linking America in the event that a military attack destroys conventional communications systems.**

**Through The Years**

 * In 1972 electronic mail is introduced by a man named Ray Tomlinson. He uses the @ symbol to distinguish between the senders name and the network name in the email address. In 1973 Internet Protocol (IP) is designed, and in 1983 it becomes the standard for communicating between computers over the Internet. File Transfer Protocol (FTP), allows users to log onto a remote computer, list the files on that computer, and download files from that computer. In 1976 Queen Elizabeth sends her first email. She is the first state leader to do so. In 1982 the word Internet is first used. In 1984 Domain Name System (DNS) is established, with network addresses identified by extensions such as .com, .org, and .edu. In 1988 a virus called The Internet Worm shut down about 10% of the worlds internet servers.**

Why Did The Internet Start?

 * The internet was originally created by the military as a means to communicate in case the country was attacked and phone lines were destroyed. The internet rapidly advanced to eventually become a world wide innovation used by millions.**

The World Wide Web

 * In 1989 The World (world.std.com) debuts as the first provider of dial-up Internet access for consumers. Tim Berners-Lee develops a new technique for distributing information on the Internet. He calls it the World Wide Web. In 1990 the first effort to index the Internet is created by Peter Deutsch at McGill University in Montreal, who devises Archie, an archive of FTP sites. In 1993 Mosaic is developed by Marc Andreeson at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA). It becomes the dominant navigating system for the World Wide Web, which at this time accounts for only 1% of all Internet traffic. In 1994 The White House launched its own website,** [|**www.whitehouse.gov**]**. In 1995 The Vatican also launched its own website,** [|**www.vatican.va**]**. In 1996 approximately 45 million people are using the internet, 30 million of which are in North America and 44% of U.S. households own a personal computer, and 14 million of them are online.**